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使用kubeadm安装kubernetes

发布于： 2024-04-27

永久修改主机名

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hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master

禁用swap

临时修改，重启后恢复

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swapoff -a

永久修改

编辑配置文件 /etc/fstab 将swap进行注释

查看是否生效

使用free -g命令，Swap 显示都为0表示修改成功了

安装docker

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root@k8s-master:~# apt install -y docker.io
root@k8s-master:~# docker version
Client:
 Version:           20.10.21
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.1
 Git commit:        20.10.21-0ubuntu1~18.04.3
 Built:             Thu Apr 27 05:50:21 2023
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.21
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.18.1
  Git commit:       20.10.21-0ubuntu1~18.04.3
  Built:            Thu Apr 27 05:36:22 2023
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.12-0ubuntu1~18.04.1
  GitCommit:        
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4-0ubuntu1~18.04.2
  GitCommit:        
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:

修改/etc/docker/daemon.json

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root@k8s-master:~# cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
    "registry-mirrors":[
        "https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn",
        "https://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
    ],
    "exec-opts":[
        "native.cgroupdriver=systemd"
    ]
}
EOF

重启docker

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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

必要组建安装

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//从远程重新下载进行安装
sudo sh install install_ubuntu_online.sh
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#!/bin/sh
# https://v1-23.docs.kubernetes.io/zh/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/

# 指定文件包路径
K8S_PKG=${PWD}/pkg
# 可执行文件路径
DOWNLOAD_DIR=/usr/local/bin
# cni可执行文件安装目录
CNI_BIN_DIR=/opt/cni/bin
ARCH="amd64"

# 安装必要的组建
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y conntrack  ebtables ntpdate socat 

# 允许 iptables 检查桥接流量
sudo cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
br_netfilter
EOF

# 允许 iptables 检查桥接流量
sudo cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sudo sysctl --system

# 时间同步
sudo ntpdate time.windows.com

# 安装CNI插件
CNI_VERSION="v0.8.2"
sudo mkdir -p $CNI_BIN_DIR
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/${CNI_VERSION}/cni-plugins-linux-${ARCH}-${CNI_VERSION}.tgz" | sudo tar -C /opt/cni/bin -xz

#  安装crictl
CRICTL_VERSION="v1.22.0"
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/${CRICTL_VERSION}/crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-${ARCH}.tar.gz" | sudo tar -C $DOWNLOAD_DIR -xz

RELEASE="v1.23.9"
# ELEASE="$(curl -sSL https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)"
cd  $DOWNLOAD_DIR &&  sudo curl -L --remote-name-all https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/${RELEASE}/bin/linux/${ARCH}/{kubeadm,kubelet,kubectl}

sudo chmod +x kubeadm kubectl kubelet

RELEASE_VERSION="v0.4.0"
sudo curl -sSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/release/${RELEASE_VERSION}/cmd/kubepkg/templates/latest/deb/kubelet/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service" | sed "s:/usr/bin:${DOWNLOAD_DIR}:g" | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service
sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d
sudo curl -sSL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/release/${RELEASE_VERSION}/cmd/kubepkg/templates/latest/deb/kubeadm/10-kubeadm.conf" | sed "s:/usr/bin:${DOWNLOAD_DIR}:g" | sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf

# 设置kubelet开启自动自动
sudo systemctl enable --now kubelet

加载配置文件启动一个集群

启动方式1

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//指定配置项启动
root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=0.0.0.0 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version 1.23.0 --service-cidr=10.1.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --ignore-preflight-errors=all

启动方式2

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// 获取内网重新生成kubeadm-init.yaml
root@k8s-master:~# cat kubeadm-init-default.yaml | sed "s/advertiseAddress:.*/advertiseAddress: $(ip addr show eth0 |grep "inet "|awk '{print $2}' | cut -d/ -f1)/" > kubeadm-init.yaml

//加载配置文件进行启动
root@k8s-master:~# kubeadm init --config  kubeadm-init.yaml

配置信息

生成默认的配置信息 kube-init.yaml

kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-init-default.yaml

然后进行按照需求进行修改成以下的内容

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apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
	#节点访问地址
  advertiseAddress: 192.168.1.20
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  # 节点的名字
  name: k8s-master
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
    #etcd访问地址
    extraArgs:
     listen-client-urls: "https://127.0.0.1:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"
     listen-peer-urls: "https://127.0.0.1:2380"
# 镜像拉去代理地址
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
# k8s版本
kubernetesVersion: 1.23.0
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
clusterCIDR: "10.244.0.0/16"
# 启用 ipvs 模式
mode: "ipvs"

配置文件写入到$HOME下

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root@k8s-master:~# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
root@k8s-master:~# sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
root@k8s-master:~# sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
root@k8s-master:~# export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

安装网络组建

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//安装本地
root@k8s-master:~# kubectl apply -f k8s/kube-flannel.yml
//安装远程
root@k8s-master:~# kubectl apply -f https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kube-flannel.yml

检查master节点是否安装成功

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root@k8s-master:~# kubectl get node 
NAME         STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
k8s-master   Ready    control-plane,master   13m   v1.23.9

root@k8s-master:~# kubectl get pod -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-d85pk              1/1     Running   0          36m
kube-system   coredns-6d8c4cb4d-ddp9k              1/1     Running   0          36m
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master                      1/1     Running   9          36m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master            1/1     Running   8          36m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master   1/1     Running   10         36m
kube-system   kube-proxy-h4xnv                     1/1     Running   0          36m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master            1/1     Running   11         36m

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